Ekofo Inganya Ediz
Kinshasa University, ZairePresentation Title:
Periodontal disease in pregnant women in prenatal consultation
Abstract
Introduction : The relationship between pregnancy and periodontal health has been well documented in the literature. Among the numerous studies dedicated to periodontal diseases in the Democratic Republic of Congo, none have evaluated these pathologies in pregnant women during prenatal consultations (PC). The objective of our study was to describe the epidemiological and clinical profile of periodontal diseases in pregnant women admitted to prenatal consultations at the BOBILA General Military Reference Hospital.
Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional and analytical study of pregnant women admitted to the CPN from August 31 to December 31, 2018, at the Military General Reference Hospital of BOBILA / Kinshasa. Data is collected through a survey combined with a dental examination. The variables analyzed include sociodemographic characteristics, clinical features, and periodontal indices (OHI-S, BPO, PDI). The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software version 20.0. Chi-square tests and the Student's t-test were used to determine the differences in the distribution of variables, and the odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to estimate the degree of association. The results were considered significant at p value < 0.05.
Results: Out of 105 pregnant women received at the ANC, 83 pregnant women were included in this study. The age group of 20 – 29 years was the most represented, with a predominance of housewives (75.9%) and married cases (73.4%), She had an average economic status (56.6%) and a secondary education level (63.8%). Gingival bleeding (44.6%) was the main complaint of pregnant women during the second trimester. Most of the pregnant women had poor oral hygiene, localized pregnancy gingivitis (69.6%), and periodontitis (30.4%) during the 3rd trimester.
Conclusion:A significant proportion of women had suffered from periodontal diseases during pregnancy, mainly during the third trimester, and it was associated with the gestational age of pregnant women.
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