Oral Ataniyazova
Karakalpakstan Medical Institute, UzbekistanPresentation Title:
Health status of adolescent girls in the Aral Sea environmental crisis region
Abstract
Introduction: Health status of adolescents and young people is one of the important criteria of social well-being of society and determines the quality of future generations. Scientific research of recent years has shown a decline in the quality of health among young people, especially in developing countries and ecologically disadvantaged regions. The present study was carried out to assess the health status of adolescent girls in the epicenter of the Aral Sea environmental crisis region – northern districts of Karakalpakstan Republic (Uzbekistan). In total, 3978 schoolgirls, aged between 9-16 years old, living in Muinak, Kanlykol, Karauzyak districts and Nukus city of Karakalpakstan Republic, were included.
Results and discussion: The majority of adolescent girls (91.3%) were born and permanently reside in these areas. 60.2% of adolescents had a low body mass index (BMI) of <19 kg/m2. Normal BMI values (19-25 kg/m2) were found in 35.8% of adolescents. Overweight was found in 3.2%, whereas only 25 girls (0.7%) were obese. The majority of adolescents (86.4%) suffered from anemia and every second girl revealed an enlarged thyroid gland. The average age of menarche was 12.3 ± 1.4 years. Notably, 42.4% of girls had not yet menstruated, and 57 girls (1.4%) had had early menstruation, which occurred at the age of 8-9 years. Menstrual cycle pathology was detected in 17% of teenage girls.
Conclusion: Adolescent girls permanently living in Karakalpakstan Republic, the epicenter of the Aral Sea environmental crisis, have a high incidence of anemia, goiter and low BMI. Identified pathologies in combination with environmental and medical-social factors could pose high risk for the development and formation of reproductive pathologies for women in this region.
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